本文在新安装的Ubuntu 14.04 x86
安装以下工具
运行以下命令:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y curl gnupg build-essential
gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | sudo bash -s stable
sudo usermod -a -G rvm `whoami`
重新登录系统rvm -v显示版本信息
通常安装最新版本即可
rvm install ruby
rvm --default use ruby
或者安装指定版本
rvm install ruby-X.X.X
rvm --default use ruby-X.X.X
gem install bundler --no-rdoc --no-ri
Rails asset pipeline compiler需要java运行时环境, Node.js具体版本无所谓
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/nodejs /usr/local/bin/node
One thing you should be aware of when using RVM, is that you should use rvmsudo instead of sudo when executing Ruby-related commands. This is because RVM works by manipulating environment variables. However, sudo nukes all environment variables for security reasons, which intereferes with RVM.
Visit the RVM website to learn more about rvmsudo.
我们通过git将app拉到本地
sudo apt-get install -y git
安装passenger和nginx包
These commands will install Passenger + Nginx through Phusion’s APT repository. If you already had Nginx installed, then these commands will upgrade Nginx to Phusion’s version (with Passenger compiled in).
# install our pgp key and add https support for apt
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 561F9B9CAC40B2F7
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates
# Add our APT repository
sudo sh -c 'echo deb https://oss-binaries.phusionpassenger.com/apt/passenger trusty main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/passenger.list'
sudo apt-get update
# Install Passenger + Nginx
sudo apt-get install -y nginx-extras passenger
配置Passenger Nignx module并且重启Nginx
编辑/etc/nginx/nginx.conf,并且去掉include /etc/nginx/passenger.confg;前面的注释
重启Nginx
sudo service nginx restart
检查安装
执行以下命令检查passenger是否成功安装
sudo /usr/bin/passenger-config validate-install
结果大致如下:
What would you like to validate?
Use <space> to select.
If the menu doesn't display correctly, press '!'
> (*) Passenger itself
( ) Apache
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Checking whether this Passenger install is in PATH... ✓
* Checking whether there are no other Passenger installations... ✓
Everything looks good. :-)
执行以下命令检查Nginx是否正确启动Passenger
sudo /usr/sbin/passenger-memory-stats
结果大致如下:
Version: 5.0.30
Date : 2016-09-10 06:45:25 -0400
------- Apache processes --------
### Processes: 0
### Total private dirty RSS: 0.00 MB
---------- Nginx processes ----------
PID PPID VMSize Private Name
-------------------------------------
31096 1 51.5 MB 0.2 MB nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
31103 31096 51.7 MB 0.4 MB nginx: worker process
### Processes: 2
### Total private dirty RSS: 0.55 MB
---- Passenger processes -----
PID VMSize Private Name
------------------------------
31077 30.7 MB 0.7 MB Passenger watchdog
31080 51.0 MB 0.9 MB Passenger core
31085 40.8 MB 0.8 MB Passenger ust-router
### Processes: 3
### Total private dirty RSS: 2.48 MB
定期更新
Nginx, Passenger通过APT包管理工具发布更新, 你应该经常运行以下命令以保持他们最新
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
更新之后, 不需要重启Nginx或者Passenger, 也不需要修改配置文件, APT会自动处理.
前面都是在服务器安装部署所需环境, 现在部署rails app到服务器.
1.1 将代码部署到Git仓库 这里我部署了一个demo app到os china
不同app由不同用户管理能让系统更安全
需要在服务器上选择一个保存app代码的目录, 通常选择/usr/www/<app_name>
mkdir -p /var/www/hello-app
cd /var/www/hello-app
git clone git@git.oschina.net:qiudeqing/hello-app.git code
现在项目代码位于/var/www/hello-app/code目录下
bundle install --deployment --without development test
以SQLite为例, vim config/database.yml
default: &default
adapter: sqlite3
pool: 5
timeout: 5000
development:
<<: *default
database: db/development.sqlite3
# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
<<: *default
database: db/test.sqlite3
production:
<<: *default
database: db/production.sqlite3
Rails also needs a unique secret key with which to encrypt its sessions. Starting from Rails 4, this secret key is stored in config/secrets.yml. But first, we need to generate a secret key. Run:
bundle exec rake secret
上面的命令会生成一个secret key, 复制内容到confg/secrets.yml文件的product -> secret_key_base字段
production:
secret_key_base: the value that you copied from 'rake secret'
设置文件权限防止其他用户读写
chmod 700 config db
chmod 600 config/database.yml config/secrets.yml
bundle exec rake assets:precompile db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production
设置Passenger使用ruby版本可以保证多个版本ruby存在时系统正确运行
passenger-config about ruby-command
结果大致如下:
passenger-config was invoked through the following Ruby interpreter:
Command: /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/wrappers/ruby
Version: ruby 2.3.0p0 (2015-12-25 revision 53290) [i686-linux]
To use in Apache: PassengerRuby /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/wrappers/ruby
To use in Nginx : passenger_ruby /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/wrappers/ruby
To use with Standalone: /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/wrappers/ruby /usr/bin/passenger start
## Notes for RVM users
Do you want to know which command to use for a different Ruby interpreter? 'rvm use' that Ruby interpreter, then re-run 'passenger-config about ruby-command'.
其中Command后面的内容将在后面使用如: /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/wrappers/ruby
前面使用为app创建的账号登录来准备app环境, 这个账号没有sudo权限, 现在需要返回root权限用户以设置nginx
我们需要为app创建一个nginx配置文件, 用来设置虚拟主机入口, 这个虚拟主机入口告诉nginx你的app在哪里.
vim /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/myapp.conf
内容如下:
server {
listen 80;
server_name blog.qiudeqing.com;
root /var/www/blog/code/public;
passenger_enabled on;
passenger_ruby /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/wrappers/ruby;
}
重启nginx
service nginx restart
crul http://blog.qiudeqing.com
显示首页信息表示成功. 注意这里需要设置DNS解析
默认日志文件路径: /var/log/nginx/error.log